Molecular computers and their role in targeting of cancer-killing car T cells

These CAR T-cells are then injected back into your bloodstream. Now, the new CARs can help the modified cells latch on to the coordinating antigen on tumour cells – effectively hunting down and killing cancerous cells.
When other blood cancer treatments fail, CAR T-cell therapy has worked, putting some people’s cancers into remission. A significant benefit of CAR T-cell therapy is that it not only instructs the T-cell to kill the cancer, but it also triggers the T cell to grow and divide. Therefore, after just one CAR T-cell treatment, the cells remain in your body and continue to attack the tumour for months or even years.
CAR T-cell therapy is highly specialized and personalized and it is available at a limited number of cancer centres around the world. At Sheba Medical Center in Israel, our oncologists have trained at premier medical institutions and we are pleased to offer this breakthrough therapy. Our physicians provide CAR T-cell therapy with a customized and holistic approach that pays attention to your unique needs and the overall well-being of your whole body.
Scientists have demonstrated a new way to precisely target cells by distinguishing them from neighbouring cells that look quite similar.
Even cells that become cancerous may differ from their healthy neighbours in only a few subtle ways. A central challenge in the treatment of cancer and many other diseases is being able to spot the right cells while sparing all others.
The tool they created is called Co-LOCKR, or Co-localization-dependant Latching Orthogonal Cage/Key proteins. It consists of multiple synthetic proteins that, when separated, do nothing. But when the pieces come together on the surface of a targeted cell, they change shape, thereby activating a sort of molecular beacon.
The presence of these beacons on a cell surface can guide a predetermined biological activity like cell killing to a specific, targeted cell.
The researchers demonstrated that Co-LOCKR can focus the cell-killing activity of CAR T cells. In the lab, they mixed Co-LOCKR proteins, CAR T cells, and a soup of potential target cells. Some of these had just one marker, others had two or three. Only the cells with the predetermined marker combination were killed by the T cells. If a cell also had a predetermined “healthy marker,” then that cell was spared.
This cell-targeting strategy relies entirely on proteins. This approach sets it apart from most other methods that rely on engineered cells and operate on slower timescales.
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Journal of Molecular Oncology Research
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