Introduction

Chemotherapy is a drug treatment that uses powerful chemicals to kill fast-growing cells in body.

Chemotherapy is most often used to treat cancer, since cancer cells grow and multiply much more quickly than most cells in the body.

Many different chemotherapy drugs are available. Chemotherapy drugs can be used alone or in combination to treat a wide variety of cancers.

Though chemotherapy is an effective way to treat many types of cancer, chemotherapy treatment also carries a risk of side effects. Some chemotherapy side effects are mild and treatable, while others can cause serious complications.

Purpose of chemotherapy

Chemotherapy is used to kill cancer cells in people with cancer.

To cure the cancer without other treatments: Chemotherapy can be used as the primary or sole treatment for cancer.

After other treatments, to kill hidden cancer cells: Chemotherapy can be used after other treatments, such as surgery, to kill any cancer cells that might remain in the body.

To prepare patients for other treatments: Chemotherapy can be used to shrink a tumor so that other treatments, such as radiation and surgery, are possible. Doctors call this neoadjuvant therapy.

To ease signs and symptoms: Chemotherapy may help relieve signs and symptoms of cancer by killing some of the cancer cells. Doctors call this palliative chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy for conditions other than cancer

Some chemotherapy drugs have proved useful in treating other conditions, such as:

Bone marrow diseases: Diseases that affect the bone marrow and blood cells may be treated with a bone marrow transplant, also known as a stem cell transplant. Chemotherapy is often used to prepare for a bone marrow transplant.

Immune system disorders: Lower doses of chemotherapy drugs can help control an overactive immune system in certain diseases, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.

Side effects that occur during chemotherapy treatment

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Hair loss
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Mouth sores
• Pain
• Constipation
• Easy bruising
• Bleeding

Long-lasting and late-developing side effects

Chemotherapy drugs can also cause side effects that don't become evident until months or years after treatment. Late side effects vary depending on the chemotherapy drug but can include:

• Damage to lung tissue
• Heart problems
• Infertility
• Kidney problems
• Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy)
• Risk of a second cancer

How chemotherapy drugs are given

• Chemotherapy infusions
• Chemotherapy pills
• Chemotherapy shots
• Chemotherapy creams
• Chemotherapy drugs used to treat one area of the body
• Chemotherapy given directly to the cancer

Conclusion

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The Journal invites different types of articles including original research article, review articles, short note communications, case reports, Editorials, letters to the Editors and expert opinions & commentaries from different regions for publication.

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Media Contact:
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Assistant sManaging Editor
Journal of Molecular Oncology Research
Email: oncology@openaccessjournal.org